At the Mid-Atlantic Ridge: Question 16 options: the direct collision of two plates has led to the uplifting of the longest mountain chain on Earth hot material is welling up in the form of 'black smokers' and sub-sea volcanoes all along the ridge two plates are 'rubbing shoulders' -- one moving North, the other South -- with a great release of energy material is being 'subducted' with a consequent release of energy: hence the extreme heat