Authoritarian	___Managers believe that their workers enjoy their work, are self-motivated, and are willing to work hard to meet personal and organizational goals. "I like being appreciated for how hard we are working during the pandemic."
Follett - Participative management	___Emphasized productivity; a scientific personnel system based on worker technical competence and abilities. "We are short on staff. If we divide the work up and assign it by task (medication administration, assessments, discharge teaching, etc. we will get the work done more efficiently."
McGregor - Theory X Manager	____People respond to the fact that they are being studied, attempting to increase whatever behavior they feel will continue to warrant the attention. "It seems different on our unit when our manager decides to work the night shift."
Taylor - Scientific management	____Identified and incorporated the management process and functions of planning, organizing, staffing, directing, and controlling. "Staffing for our unit is based on acuity and is determined before each shift."
McGregor - Theory Y Manager	_____Managers believe that their employees are basically lazy, need constant supervision and direction, and are indifferent to organizational needs. "It seems like the charge nurse is watching every move I make."
Mayo - Hawthorne effect	____Managers should have authority with, rather than over, employees. Implies that others are allowed to participate in decision-making . "Our input into the floating guidelines for our unit is in the new policy."
Theory Z Manager	____Leadership style characterized by strong control over the work group, coercion, commands, downward communication, a single decision maker, emphasis on status, and punitive criticism. " This is a command decision, and not following it will result in disciplinary action."
Fayol - Management Process	____ Contemporary theory put forth by Ouchi - organizations should emphasize/use consensus decision making, fit employees to jobs, provide job security, employ quality circles, and guarantee of lifetime employment, establish strong bonds of responsibility between superiors and employees, and demonstrate a holistic concern for workers. "This is a great place to work and grow as a nurse, and I can see myself working here for a long time."
Democratic	_____ Leadership style characterized by minimal control, motivation occurring rarely and only when requested by group, little direction, interactive communication, dispersed decision making, group emphasis, and lack of criticism. "The group goal is to find a workable solution to staffing holidays that maintains quality outcomes, improves staff satisfaction with holiday scheduling, and is budget neutral (does not cost more)."
Laissez-faire	_____ Leadership style characterized by moderate control, motivation using economic and ego awards, and direction via suggestions. "The unit needs more nurses here during peak periods of admissions, discharges, and transfers to the unit. What are some options for different shift hours or 4-hour shifts that would work to meet higher demands for patient care needs and meet scheduling preferences for our staff?"
Transformational leader	_____ Focuses on the development or empowerment of strengths as opposed to weaknesses or areas of needed growth. "My manager sees my strengths in patient teaching."
Transactional leader	_____ Term borrowed from the Software World Fast, flexible, and adaptable decision making Openness to ideas and innovation "Meeting the staffing levels during a nursing shortage needs some out- of- the- box thinking."
Strengths-Based leadership	_____ Refers to any situation whereby one individual convinces another to consider a new idea, product, or way of looking at things. " The new staff have recommended valuable Evidence-Based Practice changes that are improving patient outcomes on our unit."
Relationship age leadership	_____ Individual who leads by vision and has the ability to empower others with this vision. "With our exceptional nursing staff and state-of- the-art facilities, we will be the center of nursing excellence for multiple patient populations."
Servant leadership	_____ Suggests that no one leadership style is ideal for every situation and that the leadership style that should be used varies with the task, the maturity and abilities of the followers, and the skills of the leader. "Different patient situations on our unit and different patient care teams of nursing staff providing patient care will require different leadership approaches based on the situation and level of staff experience. "
Agile leadership	_____ The leaders' principles and their conviction to act accordingly that inspire followers. "My manager and the charge nurses on our unit are role models for me, and as a new graduate nurse, I aspire to lead and practice nursing like them."
Thought leadership	_____ Individual who leads by focusing on the day-to-day operations and management tasks of an organization. "With three staff not able to work with Covid, how many nurses do we need to replace for tomorrow?"
Authentic leadership	_____ Focuses primarily on the relationship between the leader and his or her followers on discerning common purpose, working together cooperatively, and seeking information rather than wealth. " At the unit staff meeting next month, we will develop priority nurse retention goals specific to our unit that we can work on together to improve nurse satisfaction, build effective working relationships, and decrease the turnover rate of nurses. "
Contingency leadership	_____ Suggests that context is an important mediator of leadership with nine factors impacting leadership style and its impact on followers; five are transformational, three are transactional, and one is a non-leadership or laissez-faire leadership factor. "Based on what is happening at the time on our unit, nurses will utilize different leadership styles to manage in different situations.
Full-range leadership theory	_____ Type of leadership in which individuals lead by placing others, such as employees, customers, and the community, first. "The needs of the patient come first in our daily work as nurses."