(B) Which statements are correct regarding the Meissner effect? (5 marks). (a) Meissner effect states that a superconductor below critical temperature will expel all magnetic eld from the bulk of the sample as a perfect diamagnetic substance. (b) The direct phenomenon from Meissner effect is the levitation of magnet on the surface of superconductor. (c) Levitation is mainly observed in type I superconductors due to the fact that the critical eld for type I superconductor is very small. (d) Some superconductors do not exhibit Meissner effect. (e) Meissner effect is used in Maglev trains. (A) Which statements are correct regarding the Seebeck effect and the Peltier effect (6 marks). (a) Seebeck effect indicates that a thermoelectric voltage will be induced in a closed-loop made up of two dissimilar material of different temperatures. (b) Seebeck effect is caused by the lattice only. (c) By charge-carrier diffusion, the hot carrier tends to move to the cold end, inducing both a heat current and an electric current. (d) Peltier effect is the presence of heat at an electried junction of two different materials. (e) Peltier effect is usually used for both heating and cooling