Baird Bike Company makes the frames used to build its bicycles. During 2018, Baird made 23,000 frames; the costs incurred follow:

Unit-level materials costs (23,000 units $46)	$	1,058,000
Unit-level labor costs (23,000 units $51)		1,173,000
Unit-level overhead costs (23,000 $14)		322,000
Depreciation on manufacturing equipment		86,000
Bike frame production supervisors salary		69,500
Inventory holding costs		270,000
Allocated portion of facility-level costs		530,000
Total costs	$	3,508,500

Baird has an opportunity to purchase frames for $109 each.

Additional Information

The manufacturing equipment, which originally cost $570,000, has a book value of $451,000, a remaining useful life of four years, and a zero salvage value. If the equipment is not used to produce bicycle frames, it can be leased for $75,000 per year.

Baird has the opportunity to purchase for $930,000 new manufacturing equipment that will have an expected useful life of four years and a salvage value of $59,600. This equipment will increase productivity substantially, reducing unit-level labor costs by 70 percent. Assume that Baird will continue to produce and sell 23,000 frames per year in the future.

If Baird outsources the frames, the company can eliminate 70 percent of the inventory holding costs.

Required

A. Determine the avoidable cost per unit of making the bike frames, assuming that Baird is considering the alternatives of making the product using the existing equipment or outsourcing the product to the independent contractor. Based on the quantitative data, should Baird outsource the bike frames?

Avoidable cost per unit for making the product		per unit
Baird should outsource the bike frames?

B. Assuming that Baird is considering whether to replace the old equipment with the new equipment, determine the avoidable cost per unit to produce the bike frames using the new equipment and the avoidable cost per unit to produce the bike frames using the old equipment. Calculate the increase or decrease in the company's profit if the company uses new equipment.

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	Old Equipment	New Equipment
Avoidable cost per unit
Profit must		by

C. Assuming that Baird is considering whether to either purchase the new equipment or outsource the bike frame, calculate.

Should Baird purchase new equipment or outsource?
Profit must		by