Based on the cases Lucy v. Zehmer and Raffles v. Wichelhaus, explain whether the communications made in the following examples are an offer, or an invitation to negotiate.

1. Collector of classic novels advertises that she will pay $5 for every copy of a Jane Austin book that may be sent to her.

2. The following ad appeared in The Gazette, "$1000 reward Will be paid by the pill co. to anyone who continues to suffer from back pain after having used our pills according to the directions. $10000 is deposited with a big bank to show our sincerity.