Before Landon began his first year of college, he told his friend Nolan that he thought that pledging for a fraternity involved dangerous activities and so he would never consider joining one. During Landon's first week on campus, a fraternity member invited him to a social function and encouraged him to pledge. After Landon attended the party, he told Nolan, "Fraternities do a lot of good things for the community. They're really service organizations." Landon's change in attitude illustrates