Below are all correct answers for questions, please explain with formulas and mathematical steps in details that lead to these answers. (please explain in clear format and typing)

S16. (1 point) A specialized rice grower sells rice in two markets, the United States and Japan, and the marginal cost is the same in both markets. The price elasticity of demand in the United States is -2.0, and the price elasticity of demand in Japan is -1.5. If the grower practices group price discrimination, which country's consumers will pay a higher price and by how much?

P_US(1 + 1/-2) = P_J(1 + 1/-1.5). Rearranging yields P_US = (2/3)P_J. The price in the United States will be 2/3 the price in Japan.

S17. Suppose all individuals are identical, and their monthly demand for Internet access from a certain leading provider can be represented as P = 5 - (1/2)Q where P is price in $ per hour and Q is hours per month. The firm faces a constant marginal cost of $1. The firm uses a two-part pricing to maximize profit. Specifically, the firm charges each consumer a lump-sum access fee A and a per-unit price P.

S17a. (1 point) What is the profit maximizing per-unit price P?

P = MC = 1.

S17b. (1 point) What is the profit maximizing lump-sum access fee A?

A = CS = 0.5*(5-P)*Q = 0.5*(5-1)*8 = 16.

M13. Suppose the demand for pizza in a small isolated town is P = 10 - Q. There are only two firms, A and B, and each has a cost function C(Q) = 2 + Q. Determine the Cournot oligopoly equilibrium.

M13a. (1 point) What are the profit functions of firm A and B?

Firm A's profit is = [10 - (Q_A + Q_B)]Q_A - 2 - Q_A.

Firm B's profit is = [10 - (Q_A + Q_B)]Q_B - 2 - Q_B.

M13b. (1 point) What are the best response functions of firm A and B?

Maximizing the profit function A with respect to its own output Q_A, yields Q_A = 4.5 - Q_B/2.

Maximizing the profit function B with respect to its own output Q_B, yields Q_B = 4.5 - Q_A/2.