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Below is the lab and what has been done for a REFERENCE! https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VSHAVDEWkQk This is a similar video of the lab. Moving Inertia (Momentum) Lab
Below is the lab and what has been done for a REFERENCE! https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VSHAVDEWkQk This is a similar video of the lab.
Moving Inertia (Momentum) Lab A) Place the spring-loaded cart on a clear part of the lab track by itself. With the cart at rest, release the spring by tapping the pin. Does the cart move very much? Yes No Add mass to the cart and try again. Does the cart move: a lot more a lot less or pretty much the same as before? B) Put two carts next to each other so the spring from one cart will push against the second cart. Do you get a significantly different result than in Part (A)? Yes No How is this result different than Part (A)? The cart with the spring actually moves back just like the other cart. Using Newton's Laws, explain why Part (A) has different results than Part (B). Newton's Third Law states that every action in nature there is an equal and opposite reaction. Cart A reacts on Cart B and Cart B reacts on Cart A. Do the same thing a few more times, but add more mass to one of the carts (this is now Cart 1). As you add masses to Cart 1, does it go: faster / slower the same speed after the spring explosion?C) For this part of the lab you are to measure the "moving inertia" of the carts. In order to do this you will need to measure the mass and velocity of each cart. Cart 1 Mass (Plunger): 0.2847 (kg) Cart 2 Mass : 0.2785(kg) Normally, in order to measure velocity we measure displacement and time. Today we will use the VernierTM Photogates and LabQuests to plot a graph of displacement vs. time for each of the two carts after they are set into motion. Question: How do you determine velocity from a displacement vs. time graph? Check your fact sheet if you are not sure. To determine how fast an object is moving, look at the steepness (i.e. the slope) of the position-time graph. The 'Collect' button activates the photogates. Turn on the photogates and wave your hand inside the arms of one of the photogates to determine which motion graph corresponds to which photogate. So what you will do now is set up the two carts so they push off of each other and pass through a photogate. READ the instructions below CAREFULLY before proceeding to your data collection: Keep track of which photogate 'Cart l'passes through, and which photogate 'Cart 2' passes through. . Place different mass combinations on the two carts for each trial. . Pressing the 'Collect' button turns on the photogates and erases any previously stored Collect data. So be careful! Remember to include the mass of the carts when recording the total mass of each cart in the data table on the next page. Stop the data collection once the carts have passed through the photogates and analyze the resulting motion graphs to determine the velocity of each cart. Record the velocity values in the data table on the next page. You may need to use the 'Auroscale' function to help you see the data trend of your motion graphs: Select the data you wish to analyze on the graph with the stylus, go to the analyze menu, select Curve Fit. Choose the graph you want to fit a curve to and then select 'Linear Fir' to determine the slope of your graph. . DO NOT round your velocities!Collect the data for Mass and Velocity. Don't forget about positives and negatives for direction! Trial Cart Mass (kg) Velocity (m/s) Moving Inertia (Ns) 0.2847 61347 174654909 2 0.2785 -.62713 -.174655705 0.5341 54629 .291773489 2 0.4034 -.57547 -.232144598 0.5341 45902 245162582 2 0.5278 .43585 .23004163 1 0.7835 24983 .195741805 4 2 0.2785 -.78216 -.21783156 Moving Inertia (Momentum): Earlier in our class, inertia was analogous to mass. More mass means more inertia. That is still true, and mass is a part of moving inertia. However, to call it "moving" we need to have movement, or velocity. But that's it! The formula for momentum is easy!! Moving Inertia (Momentum) = Mass x Velocity Now calculate it for each cart! Show one sample calculation for each cart below. Cart 1: Trial 4: 0.7835kg * .24983m/s = .195741805 N.s Cart 2: Trial 4 0.2785kg * -.78216m/s = -.21783156 How much Momentum did each cart have before the spring explosion? How do you know? Momentum can be defined as "mass in motion." If the carts have no movement before the spring explosion they would have no momentum. If the object has a velocity, it has momentum. In Trial 1, compare the momentum of Cart 1 to Cart 2 after the spring explosion. Are the two values the same sign or opposite signs? Why? Cart 1 and Cart 2 have the same momentum after the spring explosion. The two sign values are the opposite because they went in opposite directions.Compare the TOTAL momentum (p) before and after the spring explosion. Trial (p of Cart 1) + (p of Cart 2) (p of Cart 1) + (p of Cart 2) Before Spring Explosion (N.s) After Spring Explosion (N.s) + 0 0 2 0 05963 3 0 .01512 4 0 -.02209 *#**Use the data table above in your conclusion assignment.CER Conclusion for Moving Inertia Lab Data Analysis: Submit your answers to the following questions through Schoology. Type your answers in the box below the question. ** This is to be done individually** (No more than three sentences for your answers below.) Make a claim about the relationship between the total momentum before and after the separation. The total momentum stays the same before and after the separation. Use evidence to support your claim. Before the separation of the carts, the momentum was Okg*m/s because there was 0 velocity. After the separation of the carts, the movements of the carts in the positive and negative direction basically cancel each other out which shows that there is 0 momentum. If we look at the data, in trial 1, the total momentum was Okg*m/s before the separation and .00725858044kg*m/s after the separation. What is the reasoning that ties your evidence and claim? (This can be a concept, equation or some explanation.) ***Hint: Look at your fact sheet. Your answer must incorporate a fact of physics here. One piece of reasoning that backs up our claim is the conservation of momentum when the carts collide. On the fact sheet it says, "When no external forces act on a system of objects, the system's momentum cannot change". What are possible sources (at least 2) of experimental error? What are ways to reduce the sources of errors mentioned aboveStep by Step Solution
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