Benson attempts to investigate the effectiveness of a new hand massage technique in reducing pain. He randomly selects eight customers and records each of their scores (a lower score X indicates less pain) before and after experiencing the new technique.

Assuming the pain differences have a normal distribution. Answer the following questions based on the results above.

(a)Formulate the null hypothesis.

(1 mark)

(b)Formulate the alternative hypothesis.

(1 mark)

(c)Report thep-value used to test if the new technique is effective (thus, helps reduce pain) at the 5% significance level.(Round to four (4) decimal places.)

(2 marks)

(d)Does the evidence support that the new massage technique is effective? Why?