Bernie, a Vermont resident, is sued by Donald, a New York resident, for a tort related to negligence. The case is in state court.

1. Why would a plaintiff in New York with a case against a Vermont Defendant prefer to have the case heard in New York?
2. How can a New York Court have jurisdiction over a Vermont Defendant?
3. After a New York state court trial in which Bernie appears and vigorously defends himself, the New York state court awards Donald $1.5M dollars in damages for his tort claim. In trying to collect from Bernie in Vermont, Donald must have the Vermont court certify the New York judgment. Why, ordinarily, must the Vermont court do so?