B.For the two scenarios below determine whether the researcher is conducting an experimental study or a non-experimental study. If it is experimental, decide whether it is a true experiment or quasi-experiment.How the researcher should collect data?Who are the population and sample?

(1). "A researcher randomly assigned 120 students to two treatment groups in an effort to learn more about how different types of studying (independent variable) influence achievement."

2). "A teacher randomly selected 100 teachers from a large school district and divided them into two groups:those with a master's degree and those without one.Then the researcher measured their levels of multicultural awareness to see if it was related to their educational attainment."

C.The following exercises (#3 & #4) ask you to identify the population and briefly describe how the samples would be chosen.

(3) A school district produces educational television programming for its residents. This is a costly venture. Since budget cuts need to be made, the administration wants to survey district residents as to the value of the programming. It plans to do this by randomly selecting families and conducting telephone interviews. Briefly describe how the sample would be chosen.

(4) A local university department of professional studies wants to design a doctoral program in educational administration, but the doctoral committee is not sure of the market for this type of program. Specific program details are fully described in a one-page bulletin. The committee plans to mail this description with a survey assessing interest. They want to target three groups: principals, superintendents, and teachers, so they decide to use stratified random sampling. Briefly describe how the sample would be selected.

D.Read the following two scenarios and then answer the questions which follow:

1. "A school district director of staff development wants to identify the preferences of teachers in the district for staff development activities. The plan is to examine the enrollments in previous staff development programs and in-service workshops in order to identify trends or patterns among teachers of various backgrounds regarding their preferences for types of staff development."

(a). What type of research the director would be conducting?

(b). What type of data (quantitative or qualitative and from whom (sample) would the director collect to answer the research question?

2.A teacher is interested in determining whether there is a connection between how much television children watch and their performances in school.

(a). What type of research the teacher would be conducting?

(b). What type of data (quantitative or qualitative and from whom (sample) would the teacher collect to answer the research question?