Big Energy Corporation received regulatory approval for its 20X1 electricity rate. The company has been authorized to charge customers $0.10 per kilowatt-hour (kwh), a rate lower than other utilities in the state charge. Details of the rate calculation follow:

Big Energy
		20X1
Allowed operating costs		$	1,120	million
Assets in service	$3,200 million
Allowed rate of return	8.75% =		280	million
Revenue requirement			1,400	million
Estimated energy demand			14,000	million kwh
Rate allowed per kwh		$	0.10

Shortly after the 20X1 rate was set, the companys financial reporting staff circulated an internal memo recommending that it appeal the ruling after making the following accounting changes:

1. Extend plant depreciation life by five years to reflect current utilization forecasts. This would add $175 million to the asset base and reduce annual depreciation (an operating cost) by $5 million.
2. Increase estimated bad debt expense from 1% to 1.5% of sales to reflect current forecasts of customer defaults. This would add $7 million to operating costs and reduce total assets by the same amount.
3. Amortize 20X0 hostile takeover defense costs of $4.5 million over three years rather than take the entire expense in 20X0. This action would increase 20X1 operating costs by $1.5 million and add $3 million to the asset base.
4. Write up fuel and materials inventories to their current replacement value. This action would add $60 million to the asset base, but it would have no impact on 20X1 operating costs.

Required:

1. Assess the impact of the proposed changes on the companys 20X1 revenue requirement and rate per kilowatt-hour, assuming that regulators will approve the accounting changes and adjust the allowed rate accordingly.

2. As a member of the state utility commission, comment on the merits of each proposed accounting change.