Big Rock Brewery currently rents a bottling machine for $$52,000$ per year, including all maintenance expenses. The company is considering purchasing a machine instead and is comparing two options:

a$.$ Purchase the machine it is currently renting for $$155,000.$ This machine will require $$24,000$ per year in ongoing maintenance expenses.

b$.$ Purchase a new, more advanced machine for $$255,000.$ This machine will require $$16,000$ per year in ongoing maintenance expenses and will lower bottling costs by $$14,000$ per year. Also, $$39,000$ will be spent upfront in training the new operators of the machine.

Suppose the appropriate discount rate is $8\%$ per year and the machine is purchased today. Maintenance and bottling costs are paid at the end of each year, as is the rental of the machine. Assume also that the machines are subject to a CCA rate of $45\%$ and there will be a negligible salvage value in ten year's time $($the end of each machine's life$).$ The marginal corporate tax rate is $40\%.$ Should Big Rock Brewery continue to rent, purchase its current machine, or purchase the advanced machine?

To make this decision, calculate the NPV of the FCF associated with each alternative. $($Note: the NPV will be negative, and represents the $PV$ of the costs of the machine in each case.$)$

The NPV $($rent the machine$)$ is $$,.($Round to the nearest dollar.$)$