Brain Co produces and sells one product only,the Blob,the standard cost for one unit being as follows.

$
Direct material A----10 kgs at $20 per kg	200
Direct material B----5 litres at $6 per litre	30
Direct wages----5 hours at $6 per hour	30
Fixed production overhead	50
Total standard cost	310

The fixed overhead included in the standard cost is based on an expected monthly output of 900 units.

Fixed production overhead is absorbed on the basis of direct labour hours.

During April the actual results were as follows.

Production	800 units
Material A	7,800 kg used,costing $159,900
Material B	4,300 litres used,costing $23,650
Direct wages	4,200 hours worked for $24,150
Fixed production overhead	$47,000

Required

(a)Calculate price and usage variances for each material.

(b)Calculate labour rate and efficiency variances.

(c)Calculate fixed production overhead expenditure and volume variances and then subdivide the volume variance.

(d) Discuss the potential relationships between price variance and usage variance by using an example.