Briggs Excavation Company is planning an investment of $882,700 for a bulldozer. The bulldozer is expected to operate for 4,000 hours per year for 10 years. Customers will be charged $145 per hour for bulldozer work. The bulldozer operator costs $34 per hour in wages and benefits. The bulldozer is expected to require annual maintenance costing $40,000. The bulldozer uses fuel that is expected to cost $45 per hour of bulldozer operation.

Present Value of an Annuity of $1 at Compound Interest
Year	6%	10%	12%	15%	20%
1	0.943	0.909	0.893	0.870	0.833
2	1.833	1.736	1.690	1.626	1.528
3	2.673	2.487	2.402	2.283	2.106
4	3.465	3.170	3.037	2.855	2.589
5	4.212	3.791	3.605	3.352	2.991
6	4.917	4.355	4.111	3.784	3.326
7	5.582	4.868	4.564	4.160	3.605
8	6.210	5.335	4.968	4.487	3.837
9	6.802	5.759	5.328	4.772	4.031
10	7.360	6.145	5.650	5.019	4.192

a. Determine the equal annual net cash flows from operating the bulldozer. Use a minus sign to indicate cash outflows.

Briggs Excavation
Equal Annual Net Cash Flow
Cash inflows:
Hours of operation
Revenue per hour		X $
Revenue per year			$
Cash outflows:
Maintenance costs per year
Fuel cost per hour	$
Labor cost per hour
Total fuel and labor costs per hour		X $
Fuel and labor costs per year
Maintenance costs per year
Annual net cash flow			$

b. Determine the net present value of the investment, assuming that the desired rate of return is 20%. Use the present value of an annuity of $1 table above. Round to the nearest dollar. If required, use the minus sign to indicate a negative net present value.

Present value of annual net cash flows	$
Amount to be invested	$
Net present value	$

c. Should Briggs Excavation invest in the bulldozer, based on this analysis? Yes , because the bulldozer cost is less than the present value of the cash flows at the minimum desired rate of return of 20%.

d. Determine the number of operating hours such that the present value of cash flows equals the amount to be invested. Round interim calculations and final answer to the nearest whole number. hours