Burrit (1997) defined environmental cost as a cost of environmental quality. Environmental expenses are incurred as a result of poor environmental quality and are related with the generation, identification, remedy, and avoidance of environmental problems. The principles of eco-control system, which is the application of management control system in environmental management, are vital in order to monitor environmental quality. According to Schaltegger et al. (2003), the eco-control system idea is intended to integrate and coordinate environmental management instruments into the management control system.

required:

a) Explain FOUR (4) categories of environmental cost by giving definition and TWO (2) examples of each category

b) Give FIVE (5) types of environmental management tools and explain how these tools will help improve environmental performance.