Business has been good for Keystone Control Systems, as indicated by the four-year growth in earnings per share. The earnings have grown from $1.00 to $3.60.

c. Assume the dividend payout ratio is 40 percent. Compute D₁. (Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answer to 2 decimal places.)

d. The current price of the stock is $23. Using the growth rate (g) from part a and (D₁) from part c, compute K_e. (Do not round intermediate calculations. Input your answer as a percent rounded to 2 decimal places.)

e. If the flotation cost is $3.00, compute the cost of new common stock (K_n) using growth rate (g) from part a and dividend (D₁) from part c. (Do not round intermediate calculations. Input your answer as a percent rounded to 2 decimal places.)