C8. GSS 2018 respondents were asked their views on teens (between the ages of 14 and 16) engaging in sex before marriage (TEENSEX). Responses are cross-tabulated by educational attainment (DEGREE) a. What percentage of those surveyed felt teen sex was always wrong? b. What percentage of those with less than a high school diploma felt teen sex was always wrong? C. What percentage of those with a graduate degree felt teen sex was always wrong? d. Interpret the gamma statistic. e. Using chi-square, test the null hypothesis that DEGREE and TEENSEX are statistically independent. Set alpha at . 05. Sex before marriage - - teens 14-16 * Rs highest degree Crosstabulation Rs highest degree Lt high school High school Junior college Bachelor Graduate Total Sex before marriage - - teens 14-16 |Always wrong Count 78 305 47 95 54 579 % within Rs highest degree 65.5% 59.8% 58.8% 53.1% 49.1% 58.0% Almst always wrg Count 19 81 18 36 27 181 % within Rs highest degree 16.0% 15.9% 22.5% 20.1% 24.5% 18. 1% Sometimes wrong Count 16 77 30 20 149 % within Rs highest degree 13.4% 15.1% 7.5% 16.8% 18.2% 14.9% Not wrong at all Count 6 47 9 18 % within Rs highest degree 5.0% 9.2% 11.3% 10.1% 8.2% 8.9% Total Count 119 510 80 179 110 998 % within Rs highest degree 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%Chi-Square Tests Value df Asymptotic Significance (2-sided) Pearson Chi-Square 16.364a 2 .175 Likelihood Ratio 17.110 2 .146 Linear-by-Linear Association 4.747 1 .029 N of Valid Cases 998 a. 0 cells (0.0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 7.13. Symmetric Measures Value Asymptotic Standard Error Approximate To Approximate Significance Ordinal by Ordinal Gamma .110 041 2.643 008 N of Valid Cases 998 a. Not assuming the null hypothesis. b. Using the asymptotic standard error assuming the null hypothesis.C10. Examine the relationship between DEGREE and CONEDUC (confidence in education) based on the following GSS 2018 sample of 971 respondents. Test the null hypothesis that there is no relationship between the two variables. Set alpha at . 05. Confidence in education * Rs highest degree Crosstabulation Rs highest degree Lt high school High school Junior college Bachelor Graduate Total Confidence in education A great deal Count 46 128 18 32 27 251 %% within Rs highest degree 40.4% 26.8% 22.5% 17.1% 23.9% 25.8% Only some Count 47 254 46 118 65 530 % within Rs highest degree 41.2% 53.2% 57.5% 63.1% 57.5% 54.6% Hardly any Count 21 95 16 37 21 190 % within Rs highest degree 18.4% 19.9% 20.0% 19.8% 18.6% 19.6% Total Count 114 477 80 187 113 971 % within Rs highest degree 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%Chi-Square Tests Value df Asymptotic Significance (2-sided) Pearson Chi-Square 22 3343 8 .004 Likelihood Ratio 21.966 .005 Linear-by-Linear Association 4.970 1 026 N of Valid Cases 971 3. 0 cells (0.0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 15.65