calculate the marginal cost of capital for PSG Com, based on an average asset beta of 2.27 for the industry and assuming that new stock can be issued at $8 per share

Keylor Navas, CFA, covers initial public offerings for Kylian Analytics, an independent research firm specializing in global small-cap equities. He has been asked to evaluate the upcoming new issue of PSG Com, a US-based business intelligence software company. The industry has grown at 26% per year for the previous three years. Large companies dominate the market, but sizable comparable companies, such as Lens Ltd., Bayern Inc., and Ramos Software Pvt. Ltd., also compete. Each of these competitors is domiciled in a different country, but they all have shares of stock that trade on the US NASDAQ. The debt ratio of the industry has risen slightly in recent years. Navas uses the information from the preliminary prospectus for PSG Com's initial offering. The company intends to issue 1 million new shares. In his conversation with the investment bankers for the deal, he concludes the offering price will be between $7 and $12. The current capital structure of PSG Com consists of a $2.4 million five-year noncallable bond issue and 1 million common shares. The following table includes other information that Navas has gathered. Keylor Navas, CFA, covers initial public offerings for Kylian Analytics, an independent research firm specializing in global small-cap equities. He has been asked to evaluate the upcoming new issue of PSG Com, a US-based business intelligence software company. The industry has grown at 26% per year for the previous three years. Large companies dominate the market, but sizable comparable companies, such as Lens Ltd., Bayern Inc., and Ramos Software Pvt. Ltd., also compete. Each of these competitors is domiciled in a different country, but they all have shares of stock that trade on the US NASDAQ. The debt ratio of the industry has risen slightly in recent years. Navas uses the information from the preliminary prospectus for PSG Com's initial offering. The company intends to issue 1 million new shares. In his conversation with the investment bankers for the deal, he concludes the offering price will be between $7 and $12. The current capital structure of PSG Com consists of a $2.4 million five-year noncallable bond issue and 1 million common shares. The following table includes other information that Navas has gathered