Calculate the number of subnets for each given Network Address and broadcast address and valid host addresses for each subnet:

a.101.11.1.0/25$.101\mathrm{.}11\mathrm{.}1\mathrm{.}0/25$

b.19.10.1.0/28$.19\mathrm{.}10\mathrm{.}1\mathrm{.}0/28$

c.136.10.10.0/26$.136\mathrm{.}10\mathrm{.}10\mathrm{.}0/26$

d.173.147.16.0/30$.173\mathrm{.}147\mathrm{.}16\mathrm{.}0/30$