Calculate the variance of 10, 23, and 18, using the sum of squares formula (also known as the shortcut formula) for sample variance, where x represents the data value and n is the number of values.

Variance =

Step1. Determine the sum of squares of the three values.

Step 2. Determine the square of the sum of the three values.

(

Step 3. Divide the result in Step 2 by n.

Step 4. Subtract the result in Step 3 from the result in Step 1.

Step 5. Divide the result in Step 4 by n - 1.