Campbell, Inc. produces and sells outdoor equipment. On July $1,20$Y$1,$ Campbell issued $$40,000,000$ of $10-$year, $10\%$ bonds at a market $($effective$)$ interest rate of $9\%,$ receiving cash of $$42,601,480.$ Interest on the bonds is payable semiannually on December $31$ and June $30.$ The fiscal year of the company is the calendar year.

Required:

$1.$ Journalize the entry to record the amount of cash proceeds from the issuance of the bonds.

$2.$ Journalize the entries to record the following:

a$.$ The first semiannual interest payment on December $31,20$Y$1,$ and the amortization of the bond premium, using the interest method.

b$.$ The interest payment on June $30,20$Y$2,$ and the amortization of the bond premium, using the interest method.

$3.$ Determine the total interest expense for $20$Y$1.$