CASE 5-32 Single versus Multiple Overhead Application Rates

Foster Appliance Repair has developed a reputation over many years of providing high-quality, reliable

repair services at a fair price. The company has grown from a two-person operation (run by Victor Foster

Chapter 5 Systems Design: Job-Order Costing

and his wife Sally Jones) to a much larger company employing Foster and Jones as well as four skilled

repair personnel and two service technicians. Jones manages the front office and prepares all accounting-

related records for the company. Recently, Jones has noticed a decline in profits generated by the

repair business. Foster has also noticed some decline in the number of repairs completed over the past

few months. He believes this reduction may be due to increased competition from a new repair shop in

the area. Since pricing is based to a large degree on the cost of repairs, Foster asked J ones to spend some

time analyzing how repair costs were charged to jobs, to better understand the problem. He was quick to

remind Jones that he was committed to keeping all personnel on fixed salaries since he believes this allows

him to keep good employees and encourages loyalty to the company.

Jones collected the following information about the costing system:

Direct materials used in repairs are charged directly to the job.

The four repair personnel are paid a fixed salary of $50,000 per year, and the two technicians are

paid a fixed salary of $38,000 per year. Jones estimates that each of the six repair personnel works

1,750 hours per year on customer jobs.

Other budgeted indirect support costs for the year (e.g., rent, insurance, utilities, supplies, repair

van maintenance, repair van depreciation) total $178,450, including Foster's and Jones's salaries.

The price for each job is calculated on a cost-plus basis. Customers pay the total cost to complete

the job plus a markup of 10%.

The total cost for each job is calculated as follows: total direct material cost plus the "shop rate" x

number of repair hours to complete the job. The shop rate is applied to all types of repair jobs. The

shop rate is calculated as the sum of the repair personnel salaries plus budgeted indirect support

costs for the year divided by the estimated total hours to be worked on customer jobs for the year.

Jones noted that about 65% of total indirect costs related to complex repairs over the last couple of

years, while the other 35% of total indirect costs related to simpler repairs. Even so, about half of

the total time worked on customer jobs by repair personnel and technicians was related to complex

repairs, while the other half was related to simple repairs. While Jones believed this was important

information, she realized it was not taken into account when calculating the overall shop rate for

the year.

Required:

1. Calculate the shop rate for the year based on the above information gathered by Jones.

2. Use the information gathered by Jones about the proportion of complex and simple repairs each

year to calculate different shop rates that could be applied to complex and simple repair work.

3. Consider Job 1246 completed by Foster Appliance Repair last month. The job cost sheet indicates

$1 15 cost of direct materials plus 6 hours of labour time x the shop rate.

a. Calculate the total price charged to the customer, assuming a 10% markup on cost.

b. By doing a little more digging, Jones was able to determine that 2 of the 6 hours spent on Job

1246 were related to complex repairs, while 4 of the 6 hours spent on the job were related to

simple repairs. Use this information and the two shop rates calculated in (2) above to estimate

the price that would have been charged for Job 1246 under this new system.

4. Using all of the information gathered to this point, explain why Foster Appliance Repair may be

selling fewer repairs, resulting in lower profitability.