case is from the book. "Kering SA: Probing the Performance Gap with LVMH", pages 459-471. (R. M. Grant, Contemporary Strategy Analysis: Text and Cases, 9th edn, Wiley, 2016).

Kering and LVMH are leading luxury goods firms and have many similarities, but Kering has lagged behind LVMH in growth, profitability, and shareholder returns.

1-do financial analysis to identify the sources of the performance gap