Case Studies (clearly and completely respond to the questions) 1.) Wal-Mart has the highest profit margins in the industry at 16%. A union has filed suit against Wal- Mart for its "off-the-clock" (without pay) practices with respect to manager trainees. These trainees worked 4-5 hours extra each week without pay to receive managerial training and evaluation. The trainees did not complain because of the supervisor's promise of progression in the organization. When progression did not materialize, the trainees returned to check-out line positions and their union filed a class action suit on their behalf. The potential for back pay and penalties in the case is $2 billion according to the legal counsel for the Union. Wal-Mart notes that some managers may encourage trainees to work longer without pay but that such is not company policy. Wal-Mart also contends that none of their supervisors put a gun to the head of the manager trainees forcing them to work "off-the-clock". Wal-Mart also contends that their managers are well-paid and that the number of candidates seeking these positions are high and most are willing to train for free just to have a shot at obtaining one of these positions. Finally, Wal-Mart has been a profitable business for decades and will fight any lawsuit to a final adjudication without settling out of court, saying "get ready for a long legal battle". a.) Who is responsible for the "off-the-clock" policy? Why? b.) Is the "off-the-clock" policy an ethical dilemma? Why or Why not? c.) Does this policy violate the Christian ethical principles taught in this course? Why