Case Study $1$: Quality Management

Construct a cause$-$and$-$effect diagram for why students arrive to class late. Include at least three reasons for each of the $4"Ms"($Manpower$,$ Machinery, Method, and Material$).$ Hint: The diagram below may be used as a starting point. $(25$ Marks$)$

Case Study $2$: Project Management $-$ Decision Trees

A local toy manufacturer has three different mechanisms that can be installed in a doll that it sells. The different mechanisms have three different setup costs $($overheads$)$ and variable costs and, therefore, the profit from the dolls is dependent on the volume of sales. The anticipated payoffs are as follows:

$\backslash$table$[[,$Light Demand,Moderate Demand,Heavy Demand$],[$Probability$,0\mathrm{.}25,0\mathrm{.}45,0\mathrm{.}3],[$Wind$-$up action,$$325,000,$$$190,000,$$$170,000$