Categorize the following cases as APPLIED RESEARCH OR BASIC RESEARCH. And why? 1. As part of an urban renewal project, a local municipal planning group (funded by an economic development authority) decides to fund a team of university researchers to assist in the development of a strategic growth plan for a city. The municipal planning group requests that the team consider factors such as renewable energy, ecological protection, and economic and industrial growth and deliver a study that the planning group can use for long-term strategic planning for the city. The municipality places no publication restriction on the project and asserts no claims to intellectual property. The final deliverable for the project is a comprehensive study and recommendations for a strategic growth plan. The funding milestones are based on specific project deliverables (interim project briefings, delivery of final report, etc.). The effort is funded with a fixed price contract from the economic development authority and is not considered a grant. 2. A group of faculty researchers have developed a set of new data-mining and text-mining algorithms that enable rapid entity detection for large sources of streaming unstructured text. The faculty researchers publish two papers in peer-reviewed journals and one PhD dissertation is completed on the subject. 3. Coca-cola has announced that it wants to buy China Huiyuan Juice Group in an effort to expand its activities in one of the world's fastest -growing beverage markets. Such acquisitions are claimed to "work miracles". However, given the vitality of the stock market and the slowing down of business, many companies are not sure whether such acquisitions involve too much risk. At the same time, they also wonder if they are missing out on a great business opportunity if they fail to take such risk, Some research is needed here!. 4. A university professor wanted to analyze in depth the reasons for absenteeism of employees in organizations. Fortunately, a company within 20 miles of the campus employed her as a consultant to study that very issue. 5. A research scientist wants to investigate the question: What is the most effective way for an organization to recover from a service failure? Her objective is to provide guidelines for establishing the proper "fit" between service failure and service recovery that will generalize across a variety of service industries