ccording to the IRS, individuals filing federal income tax returns prior to March received an average refund of in . Consider the population of "last-minute" filers who mail their tax return during the last five days of the income tax period (typically April to April ).

a.A researcher suggests that a reason individuals wait until the last five days is that on average these individuals receive lower refunds than do early filers. Develop appropriate hypotheses such that rejection of will support the researcher's contention.

: is - Select your answer -greater than or equal to 1,055 greater than 1,055 less than or equal to 1,055 less than 1,055 equal to 1,055 not equal to 1,055 Item 1 : is - Select your answer -greater than or equal to 1,055 greater than 1,055 less than or equal to 1,055 less than 1,055 equal to 1,055 not equal to 1,055 Item 2

b.For a sample of individuals who filed a tax return between April and , the sample mean refund was . Based on prior experience a population standard deviation of may be assumed. What is the -value (to decimals)?

c.Using , can you conclude that the population mean refund for "last minute" filers is less than the population mean refund for early filers? - Select your answer -YesNoItem 4

d.Repeat the preceding hypothesis test using the critical value approach.

Using , what is the critical value for the test statistic (to decimals)? Enter negative value as negative number.

State the rejection rule: Reject if is - Select your answer -greater than or equal togreater thanless than or equal toless thanequal tonot equal toItem 6 the critical value.

Using the critical value approach, can you conclude that the population mean refund for "last minute" filers is less than the population mean refund for early filers? - Select your answer -YesNo