CC&R's are essentially made by a landowner about how the property will or will not be used that are enforceable through the court system by the parties that expect to benefit from the promises. Real estate liens may be either or ________. The borrower that pledges real estate as security or collateral against a loan is the ____; the lender that receives the benefit of this lien is the ____. If a loan is not repaid on schedule, or other requirements of the loan contract are not met, the mortgagee may instigate _ proceedings. An ____ is a right given to one party by a landowner to use the land in a specified manner. Most easements are created by reservation. grant or