Chairperson's Guidelines ............................................. 415 Chairperson's Instructions ............................................ 416 Key Terms .......................................................... 417 Review Questions ................................................... 417 14 Refugee Protection Division and the In-Canada Asylum System 419 Learning Outcomes .................................................. 419 Introduction ........................................................ 420 The Challenge of Determining Refugee Protection ........................ 421 Sources of Immigration and Refugee Law ............................. 422 Key Legislative Reforms of Refugee Determination ....................... 422 Safe Third Country Agreement ........................................ 425 In-Canada Asylum System ........................................... 427 1. Front-End Stage .................................................. 427 Initiate a Claim ..................................................... 428 Officer's Assessment: Admissibility and Eligibility ......................... 429 Security Screening .................................................. 433 Accommodation, Work, and Study .................................... 433 Health Care ....................................................... 434 2. Refugee Determination Stage ..................................... 434 Basis of Claim Form ................................................ 435 The Record ........................................................ 436 Know and Follow the Refugee Protection Division Rules ................... 437 Refugee Protection Division Rules ...................................... 437 Gathering Documents ............................................... 444 Case Management Streams .......................................... 447 Hearing Preparation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 448 Ministerial Intervention .............................................. 449 Presenting the Refugee Claim ......................................... 450 Decision and Reasons ............................................... 455 3. Post-Determination Stage ......................................... 456 Claim Accepted .................................................... 456 Claim Rejected ..................................................... 458 Pre-Removal Risk Assessment ......................................... 459 Key Terms .......................................................... 463 Review Questions ................................................... 463 Discussion Question ................................................. 463 Exercises ........................................................... 463 Appendix 14.1 Reference for In-Canada Asylum System ................ 464 Appendix 14.2 Immigration and Refugee Board Regional Offices ........ 465 Appendix 14.3 Legacy Claims ....