Chamorro-Premuzic, T., et al. (2008) studied the relationship between personality characteristics of 430 undergraduate students and the characteristics they wished to have in their lecturers. They hypothesized that the students would like to see the same qualities in their lecturers as they saw in themselves. Students responded to the NEO-FFI, which measures personality characteristics including: Neuroticism (studentN), Extraversion (studentE), Openness to experience (studentO), Agreeableness (studentA) an Conscientiousness (studentC). Students also responded to items congruent with these dimensions for qualities they would like to see in their instructors (lectureN-O).

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The top six rows of the data are given here Age Gender studentN studentE studentO studentA studentC lectureN lecture F# 1 NA Female 3 3 35 26 43 14 NA NA Female 18 29 19 31 27 NA WN . -17 18 Female 35 29 30 45 26 -30 NA ## 4 18 Female 38 43 17 49 29 -24 NA # # 5 NA Female 30 30 29 56 40 -21 NA ## 6 NA Female 19 31 31 35 22 -22 NA # # lecturo lectura lecture ## 1 3 6 10 # # 2 4 19 9 ## 3 13 15 25 # # 4 2 9 8 11 21 12 2 13 8 For each student, there is a score for the student's self-rating on this quality and a score for what they would like to see in their lecturer. Our immediate interest is in the studentC-lectureC relationship, which is the conscientiousness score. The variances (diagonal) and covariances (off-diagonal) for student and lecturer conscientiousness and are given below: student( lecture ## studentC 45.7 11. 2 ## lecture 11.2 58.3 a) Compute and interpret the correlation for student and lecturer conscientiousness. Is this correlation significant? Show how you arrived at your conclusion. b) Based on this correlation, how would lectureC score change for a 1 SD change in studentC score? The output below provides the correlations and lower and upper bounds for the 95% confidence intervals for the remainder of the variables. # # Lower Upper ## stdnN-1ctrN (Neuroticism) -0. 11 0.01 0. 13 ## stanE-lctrE (Extraversion) 0. 04 0.16 0.27 ## stdn0-1ctr0 (Openness) 0.05 0. 17 0. 28 ## stdnA-1ctrA (Aggreableness) 0.03 0. 14 0. 26