Chancer is a public company that reports using IFRS. Chancer granted 1,000 share appreciation rights to each of its 5,000 employees on 1 October 2017. Those employees who remained with Chancer at 30 September 2020 became entitled to a cash bonus of $6,500 based on the share price of Chancer at that date. The bonus will be paid on 30 October 2020.

As at 30 September 2018, 300 eligible employees had left and management estimated that a further 500 employees would leave before the vesting date. In the year to 30 September 2019, 200 employees left and management estimated that a further 300 would leave before vesting. In the year to 30 September 2020, 200 employees left.

The fair value of each SAR was $9 at the grant date, $5 at 30 September 2018, $6 at 30 September 2019 and $7 at 30 September 2020, when vested.

The applicable taxation rules permit a deduction for employee expenses only when the employees are paid. The tax rate is 30%.

Required:

Discuss and apply the accounting standards applicable to this scenario. Provide the accounting entries and balances for each reporting date in 2018, 2019 and 2020, including employee expenses, provisions and deferred taxes.