Chapter 12 | More than One Variable: Association and Correlation 7. Smoking and Heart Health Please read the following excerpt: Source: Journal of Biometrics & Biostatistics Author: Shaffi Ahamed Shaikh Date: December 2011 The British Regional Heart Study was a cohort of 7735 men aged 40-59 years randomly selected from general practices in 24 British towns, with the aim of identifying risk factors for ischemic heart disease. Of the 7718 men who provided information on smoking status, 5899(76.4%) had smoked at some point in their lives. Over the subsequent 10 years, 650 of these 7718 men (8.4%) had a myocardial infarction (MI). The following 2x2 table shows the number and percentage of smokers and non-smokers who TABLE 12.12 developed and did not develop an MI over the Myocardial No Myocardial 10 year period. Infarction in 10 Infarction in years 10 years Which of the following plots is most appropriate for assessing the association between Smoking Status Smoked 563 5336 and Myocardial Infarction in 10 Years? Never 87 1732 Smoked i. iii. Smoking and Heart Health Smoking and Heart Health Graph A Graph C 100.00% 100.009 of Patic 80.00% 80.00% 60.00 60.00% entage 540.006 No Myocardial Infarction in 10 Years 40.00% Percer 20.009 20.00% 0.009 Smoked Never Smoked 0.00% "Myocardial Infarction in 10 years "No Myocardial Infarction in 10 years Myocardial Infarction in 10 Years ii iv. Smoking and Heart Health Graph B Smoking and Heart Health 6000 Graph D 00.00% No Myocardial Infarction in 10 Years 4000 80.009 Percentage of Patients 3000 50.00% 2000 40.00% 1000 20.00% 0.00% 100 200 300 400 500 600 Smoked Myocardial Infarction in 10 Years Never Smoked "Myocardial Infarction in 10 years "No Myocardial Infarction in 10 years b. What is Cramer's V for these data? i. 40.25 ii. 0.073 iii. 59.59 iv. 0.110 296 Beyond the Numbers: A Student-Centered Approach for Learning Statistical Reasoning