CHAPTER 4 Long- and Short-Term Financial Planning 183 P4-17 Pro forma income statement: Scenario analysis Allen Products scenario analysis for the LP. wants t o d coming year. The pessimistic prediction for sales is $900,000; the most likely amount of sales is $1,125,000; and the optimistic predic- tion is $1,280,000. Allen's income statement for the most recent year follows. o a Allen Products LP. Income Statement for the Year Ended December 31, 2019 Sales revenue $937,500 Less: Cost of goods sold Gross profits Less: Operating expenses Operating profits Less: Interest expense Net profits before taxes 421,875 $515,625 234,375 $281,250 30,000 $251,250 62,813 Less: Taxes (rate = 25%) Net profits after taxes to D $188,437 a. Use the percent-of-sales method, the income statement for December 31, 2019, and the sales revenue estimates to develop pessimistic, most likely, and optimistic pro forma income statements for the coming year. b. Explain how the percent-of-sales method could result in an overstatement of profits for the pessimistic case and an understatement of profits for the most likely and optimistic cases. c. Restate the pro forma income statements prepared in part a to incorporate the following assumptions about the 2019 costs: $250,000 of the cost of goods sold is fixed; the rest is variable $180,000 of the operating expenses is fixed; the rest is variable. All the interest expense is fixed Compare your findings in part c to your findings in part a. Do your observations confirm your explanation in part b? d. i lnard Industries wishes to prepare a pro forma