Chemical Engineering Sophomore Seminar (CHE 200)

Description of the process: Ethylene

• The feed (ethanol) enters the process at a temperature and pressure of 25C and 1 atm and at a composition of 95 wt% ethanol and 5 wt% water.

• It is initially pressurized to 4335 kPa using a centrifugal pump and subsequently heated to 400C using a specific equipment.

• The heated and pressurized feed enters the fixed bed reactor and contacts with the aluminum oxide catalyst. At this point it dehydrates to form the product, ethylene, as well as the byproducts water, hydrogen, diethyl ether and acetaldehyde.

  • The pressure of the reactor effluent is increased to 4500 kPa by compressor and the temperature decreased to 100C by exchange with cold water in heat exchanger.

  • The stream then expands and flashes in flash vessel, which separates out 82.3% of the unreacted ethanol, 96.6% of the water and virtually all of the acetaldehyde contaminant in the bottoms while sending the ethylene-rich vapor phase out of the top.

  • The top product is compressed to 3500 kPA and cooled to 0.0 C by a freon refrigerant in.

  • At this point the stream is flashed for a second time in a vessel to remove additional

    impurities.

  • The top outlet stream consists of 99.5 wt% ethylene, which is fed to the bottom of a 10-

    tray absorption column that removes a fraction of the residual diethyl ether as well as the

    remainder of the unreacted ethanol.

  • A stream of absorbent water is fed to the top of the column. The product exits the top of

    the column and has a purity of 99.7% ethylene. Diethyl ether makes up 0.2% of the remaining product stream and is the primary contaminant.

    question

    1. Draw a process flow diagram (PFD) of the process. (Choose the appropriate units, label all units and streams)

       2. Find NFPA 704 ratings of all chemicals used in the process. Based on the code ratings answer the questions below:

       1- Is there any corrosion risk? What is your suggestion to prevent it? Discuss it.

       2-Is there any fire hazard risk? If yes, what is the action that needs to be taken. Discuss it.

       3-Is there any reactivity (instability) risk? If yes, what is the action that needs to be taken. Discuss it.

       4-Is there any health risk? If yes, what is the action that needs to be taken. Discuss it.

       question3

       1. In the described process, is there any dangerous effluent being discharged to the environment? If yes, precise it.in your opinion , is there a conmection between enineering professional ethics and discharging a chemical substance ? briefly explain and specify all related NSPE codes ( canons) to justify your answer

          question 4

          1. Corrosion is one of the most important challenges facing petroleum refineries. It has received wide attention in recent decades due to the continued dependence of the global encoomy on industies based on oil and natural gas

I need clear handwriting for the first question and the other just text as I'm waiting, please I need to get the best answer I'm trying to rise my grade on this subject

IV. PROJECT PROBLEM StATEMENT Description of the process: Ethylene - The feed (ethanol) enters the process at a temperature and pressure of 25C and 1 atm and at a composition of 95wt% ethanol and 5wt% water. - It is initially pressurized to 4335kPa using a centrifugal pump and subsequently heated to 400C using a specific equipment. - The heated and pressurized feed enters the fixed bed reactor and contacts with the aluminum oxide catalyst. At this point it dehydrates to form the product, ethylene, as well as the byproducts water, hydrogen, diethyl ether and acetaldehyde. American University Of The Middle East - The pressure of the reactor effluent is increased to 4500kPa by compressor and the temperature decreased to 100C by exchange with cold water in heat exchanger. - The stream then expands and flashes in flash vessel, which separates out 82.3% of the unreacted ethanol, 96.6% of the water and virtually all of the acetaldehyde contaminant in the bottoms while sending the ethylene-rich vapor phase out of the top. - The top product is compressed to 3500kPA and cooled to 0.0C by a freon refrigerant in. - At this point the stream is flashed for a second time in a vessel to remove additional impurities. - The top outlet stream consists of 99.5wt% ethylene, which is fed to the bottom of a 10 tray absorption column that removes a fraction of the residual diethyl ether as well as the remainder of the unreacted ethanol. - A stream of absorbent water is fed to the top of the column. The product exits the top of the column and has a purity of 99.7% ethylene. Diethyl ether makes up 0.2% of the remaining product stream and is the primary contaminant. 1. Draw a process flow diagram (PFD) of the process. (Choose the appropriate units, label all units and streams) (35 points) 2. Find NFPA 704 ratings of all chemicals used in the process. Based on the code ratings answer the questions below: (10 points) Is there any corrosion risk? What is your suggestion to prevent it? Discuss it. Is there any fire hazard risk? If yes, what is the action that needs to be taken. Discuss it. Is there any reactivity (instability) risk? If yes, what is the action that needs to be taken. Discuss it. Is there any health risk? If yes, what is the action that needs to be taken. Discuss it. 3. In the described process, isisthereanydangerouseffluentbeingdischargedtothe environment? If yes, precise it. In your opinion, is there a connection between engineering professional ethics (as you learned previously in this course), and discharging a chemical substance? Briefly explain and specify all related NSPE codes (Canons) to justify your answer (10 points) 4. Corrosion is one of the most important challenges facing petroleum refineries. It has received wide attention in recent decades due to the continued dependence of the global economy on industries based on oil and natural gas