choose answer whether a,b,c or d The most important factor that influences the competitiveness of Ghanaian export firms is promotion. A. True B. False Competitiveness does not connote the ability cf a nation to compete internationally in all les insaties A. False B. True stages theory proposes the following path for entry Into the international market: Arrange chronologically. (I) Responding initially to unsolicited and sporadic export orders. (I) Establishment of sales subsidlaries and/or production units in selected markets. (lil) Indirect exports through merchant companies, (IV) Direct exports to Importers A. (IV), (I), (IL), (1) B. (), (It), (V). (11) C. 0), 01), (Il), (IN) D. (ID), (IV), 0), (I) Outward Orientation policy targets encouraging domestic industries by limiting competing Imports. A.True B.False The capacity of a country's industries to innovate and upgrade is a key determinant of national competitiveness. A True B False For an industry to have a competitive advantage over rivalry industries in other countries there should be related and supporting industries locally, that are internationally competitive themselves A True B.False Comparative advantage makes a firm unique and puts it ahead of its competitors. A. True B. False If a firm succeeds in gaining a technological edge over its competitors, it is said to possess absolute advantage. A. True B. False The notion that a nation's prosperity is created but not inherited is inconsistent with Michael Porter's theory of competitive advantage. A. True B. False According to Porter, the most important factors of production are those that involve sustained and heavy investment which are specialized. A. True B. False Custom duty drawback allows exporters to draw back between 40% and 75% of duties paid on materials imported to produce goods for export. A. True B. False All the following have been identified as factors that hinder the competitiveness of Ghanaian firms, except. Sub-standard packaging of products has been identified as a major challenge facing Ghanaian firms' competitiveness. A. Packaging B. High cost of production C. Language barrier D. Political unpredictability E. False F. True According to the stages theory of internationalisation, firms base their market decisions largely on experiential knowledge. A. False B. True Information flow in the network approach is more comprehensive and reliable than that which exists in the stages approach. A. False B. True The consistent interaction between the various actors in a network results in a ....... A. Zero sum game B. None of the above C. Over-dependency relationships D. Win-win situation The information flow in established networks in the export business is mostly ....... A. reliable and comprehensive B. All of the above C. realistic and true D. speedy and dependable The survival of export firms depends largely on how and where their products are marketed. A. True B. False Intra-industry trade occurs when a country tends to export one good and imports a wholly different type of good from another country. A. True B. False Cocoa paste is not a traditional export commodity of Ghana. A. True B. False The legislation which brought the Ghana Free Zones Programme into existence is Act 405 of 1995. A. True B. False The trade and economic policy that advocates replacing foreign imports with domestic production is termed in Ghana domestication A. True B. False A firm attains competitive advantage if domestic buyers are among the world's most sophisticated and demanding buyers of its product. A. True B. False The network approach to internationalization can be most successful through the establishment of A. Mutually beneficial relationships B. None of the above C. Bilateral relationships only D. unilateral relationship mainly Which of the following does the stages theory posit? A. Entering into the international market rapidly B. Unplanned entry into the international market C. Entering the international market one step at a time D. Entering the international market any time an opportunity emerges Free zones programme exporters are permitted to sell 30% of their products in the local market. A. True B. False Another aspect of the demand factor is that local buyers can help a nation's companies gain competitive advantage if their needs are in tandem with global trends. A. True B. False The network and stages theories are both theories of globalization. A. True B. False The absolute advantage theory was propounded by ......... A. Adam Smith B. Michael Porter C. David Ricardo D. John Taylor A firm can successfully enter the international market even if it does not adhere to established product standards. A. True B. False To change the perception that products manufactured in Ghana are inferior, one of the following must be adopted A. Sensitization through "buy local" campaigns B. Networking C. Industry targeting D. Product management In Ghana the key institution that ensures adherence to standards in the import/export business is ...... A. Ghana Standards Authority B. Ghana statistical service C. Ghana export promotion council D. Customs, Excise and Preventive Service (CEPS) Products and entering modes are key variables of the internationalization process A. True B. False Competitiveness simply means productivity in a well-defined and coordinated area. A. True B. False Domestic rivalry creates the pressure for a constant upgrading of the sources of competitive advantage A. True B. False There is the tendency of firms to take similarities between neighbouring countries for granted during internationalization. A. True B. False Salt belongs to the marine products category of Ghana's non-traditional exports. A. True B. False The survival of enterprises depends largely on how, when and where their products are marketed. A. True B. False Outward orientation policy targets encouraging domestic industries by limiting competing imports. A. True B. False Ghana exports electric power to Ivory Coast and at the same time imports electric power from Ivory Coast. This is an example of intra-industry trade A. True B. False Trust reduces the anxieties in complex realities far more quickly and economically than speculation, authority or bargaining' This statement is attributed to A. W.W. Peter B. Christopher Osborne C. W.W. Powell D. Woodrow Wilson The network theory predates the stages theory of internationalisation. A. True B. False International trade is founded on the theory of comparative advantage. A. True B. False The assumption in the network approach is that individual firms are dependent on resources owned or controlled by other actors outside the network. A. False B. True Competitiveness does not connote the ability of a nation to compete internationally in all its industries A. False B. True Comparative advantage makes a firm unique and puts it ahead of its competitors. A. True B. False If a firm succeeds in gaining a technological edge over its competitors, it is said to possess absolute advantage. A. True B. False The notion that a nation's prosperity is created but not inherited is inconsistent with Michael Porter's theory of competitive advantage. A. True B. False According to Porter, the most important factors of production are those that involve sustained and heavy investment which are specialized. A. True B. False Custom duty drawback allows exporters to draw back between 40% and 75% of duties paid on materials imported to produce goods for export. A. True B. False All the following have been identified as factors that hinder the competitiveness of Ghanaian firms, except. Sub-standard packaging of products has been identified as a major challenge facing Ghanaian firms' competitiveness. A. Packaging B. High cost of production C. Language barrier D. Political unpredictability E. False F. True According to the stages theory of internationalisation, firms base their market decisions largely on experiential knowledge. A. False B. True Information flow in the network approach is more comprehensive and reliable than that which exists in the stages approach. A. False B. True The consistent interaction between the various actors in a network results in a ....... A. Zero sum game B. None of the above C. Over-dependency relationships D. Win-win situation The information flow in established networks in the export business is mostly ....... A. reliable and comprehensive B. All of the above C. realistic and true D. speedy and dependable The survival of export firms depends largely on how and where their products are marketed. A. True B. False Intra-industry trade occurs when a country tends to export one good and imports a wholly different type of good from another country. A. True B. False Cocoa paste is not a traditional export commodity of Ghana. A. True B. False The legislation which brought the Ghana Free Zones Programme into existence is Act 405 of 1995. A. True B. False The trade and economic policy that advocates replacing foreign imports with domestic production is termed in Ghana domestication A. True B. False A firm attains competitive advantage if domestic buyers are among the world's most sophisticated and demanding buyers of its product. A. True B. False The network approach to internationalization can be most successful through the establishment of A. Mutually beneficial relationships B. None of the above C. Bilateral relationships only D. unilateral relationship mainly Which of the following does the stages theory posit? A. Entering into the international market rapidly B. Unplanned entry into the international market C. Entering the international market one step at a time D. Entering the international market any time an opportunity emerges Free zones programme exporters are permitted to sell 30% of their products in the local market. A. True B. False Another aspect of the demand factor is that local buyers can help a nation's companies gain competitive advantage if their needs are in tandem with global trends. A. True B. False The network and stages theories are both theories of globalization. A. True B. False The absolute advantage theory was propounded by ......... A. Adam Smith B. Michael Porter C. David Ricardo D. John Taylor A firm can successfully enter the international market even if it does not adhere to established product standards. A. True B. False To change the perception that products manufactured in Ghana are inferior, one of the following must be adopted A. Sensitization through "buy local" campaigns B. Networking C. Industry targeting D. Product management In Ghana the key institution that ensures adherence to standards in the import/export business is ...... A. Ghana Standards Authority B. Ghana statistical service C. Ghana export promotion council D. Customs, Excise and Preventive Service (CEPS) Products and entering modes are key variables of the internationalization process A. True