Cold Duck Manufacturing has the following end-of-year balance sheet:

Cold Duck Manufacturing Balance Sheet For the Year Ended on December 31
Assets		Liabilities
Current Assets:		Current Liabilities:
Cash and equivalents	$150,000	Accounts payable	$250,000
Accounts receivable	400,000	Accrued liabilities	150,000
Inventories	350,000	Notes payable	100,000
Total Current Assets	$900,000	Total Current Liabilities	$500,000
Net Fixed Assets:		Long-Term Bonds	1,000,000
Net plant and equipment	$2,100,000	Total Debt	$1,500,000
(cost minus depreciation)
		Common Equity
		Common stock	800,000
		Retained earnings	700,000
		Total Common Equity	$1,500,000
Total Assets	$3,000,000	Total Liabilities and Equity	$3,000,000

The firm is currently in the process of forecasting sales, asset requirements, and required funding for the coming year. In the year that just ended, Cold Duck Manufacturing generated $350,000 net income on sales of $14,500,000. The firm expects sales to increase by 17% this coming year and also expects to maintain its long-run dividend payout ratio of 30%.

Suppose Cold Ducks assets are fully utilized. Using the additional funds needed (AFN) equation to determine the increase in total assets that is necessary to support a firms expected sales, it is projected that Cold Duck will require in additional assets.

When a firm grows, some liabilities grow spontaneously along with sales. Spontaneous liabilities are a source of capital that the firm will generate internally, so they reduce the need for external capital. How much of the total increase in assets will be supplied by spontaneous liabilities for Cold Duck this year?

$64,600

$68,000

$61,200

$71,400

In addition, Cold Duck Manufacturing is expected to generate net income this year. The firm will pay out some of its earnings as dividends but will retain the rest for future asset investment. Again, the more a firm generates internally from its operations, the less it will have to raise externally from the capital markets. Assume that the firms profit margin and dividend payout ratio are expected to remain constant.

Given the preceding information, Cold Duck expects to generate

from operations that will be added to its existing retained earnings. (Hint: Round your answer to the nearest whole dollar.)

According to the AFN equation and projections for Cold Duck Manufacturing, the firms AFN is

.