Companies A and C each reported the same earnings per share (EPS), but Company A's stock trades at a higher price. Which of the following statements is CORRECT?

a. Company A must have a higher market-to-book ratio.

b. Company A is probably judged by investors to be riskier.

c. Company A must pay a lower dividend.

d. Company A probably has fewer growth opportunities.

e. Company A trades at a higher P/E ratio.