Company: Caterpillar Inc.

Caterpillar Inc. released its financial report for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2023. The company recorded total revenue of $70 billion, with a cost of goods sold (COGS) of $40 billion and operating expenses of $20 billion. Net income amounted to $10 billion. From this data: a) Calculate the gross profit margin. b) Determine the operating profit margin. c) Compute the net profit margin. d) Analyze the return on equity (ROE) if shareholders' equity is $30 billion.