Complete Problems 2.9, 2.13, 2.21, 2.25, 2.39, 2.45, and 2.51 in the textbook. (Submit one Excel file. Put each problem result on a separate sheet in your file.) 2.9 A study of Kick starter projects showed that 54.2% were successful, that is, achieved its goal and raised at least the targeted goal amount. In an effort to identify network dynamics that influences success, projects were subdivided into projects of owners who had backed other projects before, during or after creating their project (owners with backing history) and projects of owners without backing history. The results are as follows: a. Construct contingency tables based on total percentages, row percentages, and column percentages. b. Which type of percentagerow, column, or totaldo you think is most informative for these data? Explain. c. What conclusions concerning the pattern of successful Kick-starter projects can you reach? 2.13 In November 2013, the National Small Business Association (NSBA) surveyed small business owners with fewer than 500 employees. The purpose of the study was to gain insight into how America's small businesses are dealing with rising health care costs, what kind of benefits they offer, and how the Affordable Care Act (ACA) is impacting their business. Small business owners were asked if they offered a health benefits plan to their employees that included fitness programs and/or gym memberships, and if so, what portion (%) of the employee's cost for the plan the business paid. The following frequency distribution was formed to summarize the portion of plan cost paid for 70 small businesses who offer this health-related benefit to employees: a. What percentage of small businesses pays less than 21% of the employee monthly health-care premium? b. What percentage of small businesses pays between 21% and 75% of the employee monthly healthcare premium? c. What percentage of small businesses pays more than 75% of the employee monthly health-care premium? 2.21 The manufacturing company in Problem 2.20 also produces electric insulators. If the insulators break when in use, a short circuit is likely to occur. To test the strength of the insulators, destructive testing in high-powered labs is carried out to determine how much force is required to break the insulators. Force is measured by observing how many pounds must be applied to the insulator before it breaks. The force measurements, collected from a sample of 30 insulators and stored in Force, are: 1,870 1,728 1,656 1,610 1,634 1,784 1,522 1,696 1,592 1,662 1,866 1,764 1,734 1,662 1,734 1,774 1,550 1,756 1,762 1,866 1,820 1,744 1,788 1,688 1,810 1,752 1,680 1,810 1,652 1,736 a. Construct a frequency distribution and a percentage distribution. b. Construct a cumulative percentage distribution. c. What can you conclude about the strength of the insulators if the company requires a force measurement of at least 1,500 pounds before the insulator breaks? 2.25 What do college students do with their time? A survey of 3,000 traditional-age students was taken, with the results as follows: a. Construct a bar chart, a pie chart, and a Pareto chart. b. Which graphical method do you think is best for portraying these data? c. What conclusions can you reach concerning what college students do with their time? 2.39 As player salaries have increased, the cost of attending baseball games has increased dramatically. The following histogram and cumulative percentage polygon visualizes the total cost (in $) for four tickets, two beers, four soft drinks, four hot dogs, two game programs, two baseball caps, and parking for one vehicle at each of the 30 Major League Baseball parks during the 2012 season that is stored in BBCost2012 . What conclusions can you reach concerning the cost of attending a baseball game at different ballparks? 2.45 The manufacturing company in Problem 2.44 also produces electric insulators. If the insulators break when in use, a short circuit is likely to occur. To test the strength of the insulators, destructive testing in high-powered labs is carried out to determine how much force is required to break the insulators. Force is measured by observing how many pounds must be applied to the insulator before it breaks. The force measurements, collected from a sample of 30 insulators, are stored in Force. a. Construct a percentage histogram and a percentage polygon. b. Construct a cumulative percentage polygon. c. What can you conclude about the strengths of the insulators if the company requires a force measurement of at least 1,500 pounds before the insulator breaks? 2.51 Data were collected on the typical cost of dining at American-cuisine restaurants within a 1-mile walking distance of a hotel located in a large city. The file Bundle contains the typical cost (a per transaction cost in $) as well as a Bundle score, a measure of overall popularity and customer loyalty, for each of 40 selected restaurants. (Data extracted from www.bundle.com via the link onmsn.com/MnlBxo.) a. Construct a scatter plot with Bundle score on the X axis and typical cost on the Y axis. b. What conclusions can you reach about the relationship between Bundle score and typical cost? Complete Problems 3.3, 3.9, 3.13, 3.25, and 3.41 in the textbook. (Submit one Excel file. Put each problem result on a separate sheet in your file.) 3.3 The following set of data is from a sample of n=7:12 7 4 9 0 7 3 a. Compute the mean, median, and mode. b. Compute the range, variance, standard deviation, and coefficient of variation c. Compute the Z scores. Are there any outliers? d. Describe the shape of the data set. 3.9 The file Sedans contains the overall miles per gallon (MPG) of 2014 midsized sedans: 38 26 30 26 25 27 24 22 27 32 39 26 24 24 23 24 25 31 26 37 22 33 Source: Data extracted from \"Which Car Is Right for You,\" Consumer Reports, April 2014, pp. 40-41. a. Compute the mean, median, and mode. b. Compute the variance, standard deviation, range, coefficient of variation, and Z scores. c. Are the data skewed? If so, how? d. Compare the results of (a) through (c) to those of Problem 3.10 (a) through (c) that refer to the miles per gallon of small SUVs. 3.13 Is there a difference in the variation of the yields of different types of investments? The file CD Rate contains the yields for one-year certificates of deposit (CDs) and five-year CDs for 22 banks in the United States, as of March 12, 2014. Source: Data extracted from www.Bankrate.com, March 12, 2014. a. For one-year and five-year CDs, separately compute the variance, standard deviation, range, and coefficient of variation. b. Based on the results of (a), do one-year CDs or five-year CDs have more variation in the yields offered? Explain. APPLYING THE CONCEPTS 3.25 The file Accounting Partners contains the number of partners in a cohort of rising accounting firms that have been tagged as \"firms to watch.\" The firms have the following numbers of partners: 17 23 19 23 18 17 23 16 34 10 14 30 14 33 26 17 19 22 20 27 33 25 12 26 13 30 13 13 33 21 17 12 10 14 12 a. Compute the first quartile 1Q12, the third quartile 1Q32, and the interquartile range. b. List the five-number summary. c. Construct a boxplot and describe its shape. 3.41 Movie companies need to predict the gross receipts of individual movies once a movie has debuted. The data, shown in the next column and stored in Potter Movies, are the first weekend gross, the U.S. gross, and the worldwide gross (in $ millions) of the eight Harry Potter movies: a. Compute the covariance between first weekend gross and U.S. gross, first weekend gross and worldwide gross, and U.S. gross and worldwide gross. b. Compute the coefficient of correlation between first weekend gross and U.S. gross, first weekend gross and worldwide gross, and U.S. gross and worldwide gross. c. Which do you think is more valuable in expressing the relationship between first weekend gross, U.S. gross, and world-wide grossthe covariance or the coefficient of correlation? Explain. d. Based on (a) and (b), what conclusions can you reach about the relationship between first weekend gross, U.S. gross, and worldwide gross