Complete the lab work attached

Materials: Lab notebook

object that rolls (examples - marble, tennis ball, soup can) pencil

Small object that can be dropped on floor without breaking Digital Camera or smartphone

Wood ruler, or wooden board with center groove, or piece of cardboard, or any other flat, stiff object that can be used as a small ramp Digital stopwatch

Tape measure, 3 m, or other length measuring device Sheet of paper

Pair of safety goggles Tape (clear or masking) textbook Procedure I Vertical Motion In this exercise, you will drop an object from a set height. You will measure the time of fall. You will then calculate the object's velocity the moment just before it hits the ground using two different equations, and you'll then compare the two values to determine if they are similar. Figure 10 to the left is a picture of the experimental setup. For this experiment, you will be dropping the object while simultaneously starting a stopwatch. You might find it easier to have an assistant help by either dropping the object or starting and stopping the stopwatch. Data Collection: 1. Record all your data neatly in your composition book, in a data table (or multiple data tables). Clearly label your data and include units. Be sure to show, and label, all your calculations in your composition book. Include your starting equations. Draw boxes around each calculated answer. 2. Tape the measuring tape to the bottom of the empty kit box with the 0 cm marking at the bottom of the box (see Figure 10). 3. Place the empty kit box on the floor against the wall or the edge of a door 4. Tape the other end of the measuring tape to the wall or edge of door. (If you don't have tape you can lightly mark the wall or edge of door with a pencil. 5. Take a photo of your lab setup. Print the photo and paste it into your lab composition book (if you can't print it, it is fine to submit the photo as a separate attachment). 6. Draw and label a diagram of your setup. 7. Set the stopwatch to 0.00 s. Figure 10

Kinematics 8. Have your assistant hold the marble so that the bottom of the marble is lined up with the 1.250 m (125.0 cm) mark (note that figure 11 shows the marble lined up with the 1.000 m mark). Have the assistant release the marble as you simultaneously press the start button on the stopwatch. Stop the timer as soon as you hear the marble contact the box. Record the time interval to two decimal places as Trial 1. Repeat four additional trials, recording the data as Trials 2-5. If during the data collection below you find a trial that is significantly different from your consistent values simply eliminate this trial. Figure 11 Placement of Object 9. Calculate the average time of fall and record it in your data table. 10. Record the initial height of the marble. 11. Record the final height of the marble. 12. Calculate the final velocity of the object the moment it hits the ground using the equation ! = " ! + 2 13. Calculate the final velocity of the object the moment it hits the ground using the equation = " + 14. Calculate the percent difference to determine whether your two calculated values are similar. 15. What are some possible experimental sources of error? Include your answer to this question as part of your conclusion 16. What could be done to improve this experiment? Include your answer to this question as part of your conclusion Procedure II - Motion on a Ramp In this exercise you will roll a marble down a ramp and calculate its linear velocity at the bottom of the ramp. You will then calculate the velocity a second time and you'll compare the two values. Part 1: 1. Gather an object that rolls (examples- marble, tennis ball, soup can), stopwatch, tape measure, tape 2. Create a ramp using a ruler with central groove (or wooden board with central groove, or piece of cardboard, or any other flat, stiff object that can be used as a ramp) and a textbook. Put on your safety goggles. Note: after your object rolls down the ramp, you will be measuring the distance it rolls on

Kinematics the flat surface before coming to a stop. Your object might roll a very long distance on a hard surface (such as a tile or wood floor) before stopping, so you might want to set your ramp up on a textured surface so that the object does not roll as far, or you can try rolling different objects down the ramp to find one that doesn't travel a distance that is too difficult for you to measure. Try to create a smooth transition between the bottom of the ramp and the floor/surface so that the object travels smoothly from the ramp onto the floor. Figures 12 and 13 show examples, but your ramp might look different. Figure 12. Using the angle measuring tool to measure 20 angle of ramp. Figure 13. Base of ruler supported by small note pads to align ruler groove with groove in wooden board. 3. Place a piece of tape on your ramp at the height/location of your choice. This will be the starting line for releasing your marble/object. 4. Measure the length of your ramp from the starting line (tape) to the bottom of the ramp. Record the length to the nearest 0.001 m. 5. If you have a protractor, place it along the ramp as shown in figure 12. Measure the angle of incline and record it (if you don't have a protractor, it's okay to skip this step). 6. Draw and label a diagram of your lab setup. 7. Take a photo of your setup and paste it into your lab notebook. 8. Hold the marble at the starting line. 9. Release the marble and start the stopwatch simultaneously. Note: Gently release the marble. Do not throw or push the marble in any direction. Release quickly. 10. Stop the stopwatch as the marble reaches the end of the ramp. 11. Record the time to the nearest 0.01 seconds. Repeat this four more times, for a total of five trials. 12. Calculate the average time taken by the marble to roll down the incline and record. 13. Choose a kinematic equation that you can use to calculate the velocity of the marble at the bottom of the ramp (the final velocity). First list and label each known and unknown variable (label your unknown variable with a question mark), then show your chosen equation, then show your values plugged into the equation and solve. Record your result to the nearest 0.01 m/s. Draw a box around your result and add it to your data table. Part 2: 14. Hold the marble at the same starting line used in part 1. 15. Release the marble, but this time don't start the stopwatch when you release the marble. Instead, start the stopwatch when the marble transitions from the bottom of the ramp to the ground. Note: Gently release the marble. Do not throw or push the marble in any direction. Release quickly.

Kinematics 16. Allow the marble to roll to a stop on its own and stop the stopwatch as soon as the marble comes to rest. 17. Record the time to the nearest 0.01 seconds. 18. Measure the distance that the marble traveled along the ground (from the bottom of the ramp to its ending position) and record. 19. Repeat steps 14-18 four more times, for a total of five trials. 20. Calculate the average time taken by the marble to roll from the bottom of the ramp to its stopping point and record. 21. Calculate the average distance traveled by the marble from the bottom of the ramp to its stopping point and record. 22. Choose a kinematic equation to solve for the velocity of the marble at the bottom of the ramp (right when it transitions from the ramp to the floor) and record to 0.01 m/s. First list and label each variable (label your unknown variable with a question mark), then show the equation, then show your values plugged into the equation and solve. Draw a box around your result. 23. Compare your results from part 1 and part 2. Are they similar? (Calculate the % difference). 24. What are some possible experimental sources of error? Include your answer to this as part of your conclusion. 25. What could be done to improve this experiment? Include your answer to this as part of your conclusion. 26. Write a full conclusion for this lab. Include your results from procedure 1 and procedure 2 in your conclusion. Data submission: Take photos/scans of each page of your notebook and combine them into a SINGLE .pdf file using CamScanner (free app), Adobe Acrobat, or any other similar app/program. Ask for help if you are unable to figure out how to do this - do not upload multiple files/attachments (it is okay if you must upload graphs or photos of your setup as separate attachments). Carefully review your .pdf file to ensure all the data, graphs, photos etc. have the correct orientation so that your work is upright and clearly visible. You will submit your .pdf file in Canvas in the appropriate