Congress passes a law that requires all persons to download and sign up for a free contract tracing application ("app") or pay a penalty of $2,000.The penalty is administered through the IRS.

The law also requires individuals who test positive for COVID-19 to notify the government of their positive test via the app, so that the government may institute contact tracing and notify other affected individuals. Failure to do so is a misdemeanor criminal offense punished by a fine of $500.

Assume Congress has the authority to pass the law. Chad, a disgruntled citizen, tests positive for COVID-19, but fails to notify the government via the app and is prosecuted. Chad challenges the law stating it is unconstitutional.What constitutional law challenges should he bring, and will they succeed? Constitution Commerce Clause?