1. Consider the economy of Agrarian with a nominal GDP of $1 trillion, real GDP of $900 billion, and money supply of $50 billion. Agrarian's central bank is independent from the rest of the government. Suppose commercial banks are required to maintain a reserve requirement of 20% of deposits. Assume that banks do not hold excess reserves. Calculate the money multiplier for this economy. If the central bank wants to increase money supply by $1 billion using open-market operations, will it buy or sell? Explain. Using the quantity theory of money, calculate the price level and the velocity of money in Agrarian's economy prior to central bank action. Show your work.