Consider the following financial data for Intel Corporation and AMD (Advanced Micro Devices, Inc.) for the fiscal year 2023:

($ millions)	Intel Corporation	AMD (Advanced Micro Devices, Inc.)
Net sales	$79,024	$22,804
Cost of sales	32,509	10,045
Gross profit	46,515	12,759
Operating expenses:
Selling, general, and administrative	18,672	4,509
Research and development	13,511	3,271
Operating income	14,332	4,979
Interest and other (income) expense	1,375	872
Interest and investment income	(512)	(278)
Earnings before provision for income taxes	13,469	4,385
Provision for income taxes	3,367	1,094
Net earnings	$10,102	$3,291

Required: a. Compute the return on equity (ROE), return on assets (ROA), and return on financial leverage (ROFL) for Intel Corporation and AMD (Advanced Micro Devices, Inc.). Assume a tax rate of 27%. b. Break down the ROA into profit margin (PM) and asset turnover (AT) for both companies. Identify the primary drivers of their ROA. c. Assess the trend in operating income over the past five years. How does it impact the companies' ability to invest in new technologies? d. Evaluate the inventory turnover ratio for Intel Corporation and AMD. What does it reveal about their inventory management efficiency? e. Compare the net profit margins of Intel Corporation and AMD. What insights can be drawn about their cost management and profitability?