Consider the following situations that might arise in the audit of the financial statements of a nonpublic company. Indicate the type of opinion(s) that would be issued and describe any other modification to the standard audit report that would result. Unless indicated otherwise, assume that material amounts are involved. When more than one opinion might be issued, explain when each is appropriate.

Types of Opinion

Unmodified standard

Unmodified with an emphasis of matter paragraph

Qualified

Adverse

Disclaimer

Unmodified with an emphasis of matter paragraph or disclaimer

Qualified or adverse

Qualified or disclaimer

Adverse or disclaimer

a. In auditing a client, an auditor has determined that substantial doubt exists about an entity's ability to continue as a going concern.