Consider the graph of the market for vaccines below. There is a positive externality

associated with vaccination.

29.In the absence of government intervention (such as a tax or subsidy), what is the social loss (welfare loss) associated with the market equilibrium? (use letters, e.g., abc or abcd) (note, there may be more than one letter combination that would be correct).

30.What amount of subsidy is required to produce an allocatively efficient outcome? (use letters, e.g., abc or abcd) (note, there may be more than one letter combination that would be correct) .

These are only reference lines. a b C d e -h MSC = MPC g h MPB MSB = MPB + MEB