Consider the reaction of species A to form product B in a constant density isothermal system. The rate of disappearance of A is given by a second order rate, that is (-r_A ) = kC²A p.A process plant carries out the reaction using a single PFR with 95% conversion of A. To increase production, a second reactor is to be added. The second reactor is to have the same volume as the first one, and the overall conversion from the system of two reactors is to remain at 95%. For each case, determine by what factor the plant can increase production of B. Justify your answer using the appropriate mathematics or impeccable logic.

(a) The second reactor is also a PFR and is operated in parallel.

(b) The second reactor is a PFR and is operated in series.