Consider the table shown below to answer the question posed in part a. Parts b and c are independent of the given table.

Number of Share

(millions)Stock Price=Market

Capitalization

($ millions)Callaway Golf (ELY)94.6$16.36=$1547.66Alaska Air Group (ALK)123.4$61.96=$7645.86Yum! Brands (YUM)332.5$85.13=$28,305.73Caterpillar Tractor (CAT)147.4$597.63=$88,090.66Microsoft (MSFT)7,705.0$91.27=$703,235.35

a.The price of Yum! Brands stock has risen to $160. What is the market value of the firm's equity if the number of outstanding shares does not change?(Enter your answer in billions rounded to 3 decimal places.)

b.The rating agency has revised Catalytic Concepts' bond rating to AA (useTable 2.2). What interest rate, approximately, would the company now need to pay on its bonds?(Enter your answer as a percent rounded to 1 decimal place.)

c.A farmer and a meatpacker use the commodity markets to reduce their risk. One agrees to buy live cattle in the future at a fixed price, and the other agrees to sell. Which one sells?

• A farmer
• A meatpacker