Consider the two-dimensional flow, pictured in Fig. 2, of a Newtonian, incompressible fluid of density p and viscosity over a flat plate. V is the velocity of approach of the fluid, L is the length characterizing the plate in the flow direction and d is the boundary layer thickness. The balance equations of mass and linear momentum that govern the flow of the fluid are reported below, where is the kinematic viscosity and P = p+pgy is the dynamic pressure, p being the fluid pressure and g the magnitude of the gravitational field. a) xvx + yvy = 0 (3.1) vxxvx + vyyvx = (1/p)dxP+v (xvx + 2x) (3.2) v x D x V y + Vy (1/p)dy P +v (xxy + y) (3.3) Explain why in the boundary layer the length scales in the x and y directions of the velocity field vare L and 8, respectively, while the scale of Vx is V. y v=Vex Boundary layer L x Figure 2: Sketch of the system. The z axis is normal to the sheet of paper. b) The value of (x) at a distance x from the leading edge of the flat plate is given by x/(Vx/v)/2. Using this information, estimate the value of the shear stress exerted by the fluid on the flat plate at a distance x from its leading edge. Then, evaluate the drag force acting on the plate.