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The lumen output was determined for each of G = 3 different brands of lightbulbs having the same wattage, with J = 10 bulbs of

The lumen output was determined for each of

G = 3

different brands of lightbulbs having the same wattage, with J = 10 bulbs of each brand tested (this is the number of observations in each treatment group). The sums of squares were computed as SSG = 593.3 and SSE = 4776.9. State the hypotheses of interest (including word definitions of parameters).

μi = sample average lumen output for brand i bulbs
H0μ1 = μ2 = μ3
Ha: all three μi's are unequal μi = true average lumen output for brand i bulbs
H0μ1 = μ2 = μ3
Ha: at least two μi's are unequal μi = sample average lumen output for brand i bulbs
H0μ1 ≠ μ2 ≠ μ3
Ha: all three μi's are equal μi = true average lumen output for brand i bulbs
H0μ1 ≠ μ2 ≠ μ3
Ha: at least two μi's are equal


Use the Single Factor ANOVA F test with

(α = 0.05)

to decide whether there are any differences in true average lumen outputs among the three brands for this type of bulb.
Calculate the F test statistic then use R to find your p-value using the CDF of the f distribution pf().
Recall the p-value from an F test is always the area to the right of the F test statistic. Example: 1-pf(f test statistic, df1, df2)

f statistic = (Round your answer to two decimal places.)
p-value = (Round your answer to four places.)

State the conclusion in the problem context.

Fail to reject H0. There are no statistically significant differences in the lumen output. Reject H0. There are no statistically significant differences in the lumen output. Fail to reject H0. There are statistically significant differences in the lumen output. Reject H0. There are statistically significant differences in the lumen output.

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